Skip to content * Search * Cart * Admin [logo-emblem-icon@2x.png] HEALTH TOPICS ▼ Browse by Topic * Heart Health (BUTTON) « Back + Blood Pressure + Cholesterol + Coronary Artery Disease + Heart Attack + Heart Failure + Heart Medications + Stroke * Mind & Mood (BUTTON) « Back + Addiction + Adult & Child ADHD + Alzheimer's & Dementia + Anxiety + Depression + Improving Memory + Mental Health + Positive Psychology + Stress * Pain (BUTTON) « Back + Arthritis + Back Pain + Headache + Joint Replacement + Other Pain * Staying Healthy (BUTTON) « Back + Aging + Balance & Mobility + Diet & Weight Loss + Energy & Fatigue + Exercise & Fitness + Healthy Eating + Physical Activity + Screening Tests for Men + Screening Tests for Women + Sleep * Cancer (BUTTON) « Back + Breast Cancer + Colorectal Cancer + Other Cancers + Prostate Health & Disease + Skin Cancer * Diseases & Conditions (BUTTON) « Back + Adult & Child ADHD + Alzheimer's & Dementia + Diabetes + Digestive Health + Heart Disease + More Diseases & Conditions + Osteoporosis + Stroke + Thyroid Diseases * Men's Health (BUTTON) « Back + Birth Control + Erectile Dysfunction + Exercise & Fitness + Healthy Eating + Men's Sexual Health + Prostate Cancer + Prostate Health & Disease + Screening Tests for Men * Women's Health (BUTTON) « Back + Birth Control + Breast Health & Disease + Exercise & Fitness + Healthy Eating + Menopause + Osteoporosis + Pregnancy + Screening Tests for Women + Women's Sexual Health * Children's Health (BUTTON) « Back + Adult & Child ADHD + Autism + Developmental Milestones + Learning Disabilities + Nutrition + Nutrition for children + Parenting Issues + Physical Activity + Vaccinations * Licensing Search Harvard Health Publishing What can we help you find? 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Activate My Account * Library * Manage Print Subscriptions * Edit Account Settings * Customer Service * Sign Out __________________________________________________________________ Pay Your Bill Online Pay My Bill » Harvard Health Publishing Logo Pay My Bill » * Cart * Free Healthbeat Signup * Shop ▼ + Subscribe + Special Health Reports + Books * Account ▼ + Cart + Library + Manage Print Subscriptions + Edit Account Settings + Customer Service + Sign Out * Sign In ____________________ (BUTTON) Search * Heart Health Inside Heart Health: + Blood Pressure + Cholesterol + Coronary Artery Disease + Heart Attack + Heart Failure + Heart Medications + Stroke Featured Content: + 2020 vision: Cardiology trends to watch » + Born to move: Human hearts evolved to need exercise » + Prolong your life with plant-based protein? » + Understanding blood thinners » + When the heart “skips a beat,” flip-flops, or flutters » See All In Case You Missed It: Tips to measure your blood pressure correctly Tips to measure your blood pressure correctly Stay on top of heart failure symptoms Stay on top of heart failure symptoms Heart failure — this dire-sounding term often brings to mind a heart that has beat its last. 5 ways to use less salt 5 ways to use less salt Salt is essential to the body. Get the latest news on health and wellness delivered to your inbox! * Mind & Mood Inside Mind & Mood: + Addiction + Adult & Child ADHD + Alzheimer's & Dementia + Anxiety + Depression + Improving Memory + Mental Health + Positive Psychology + Stress Featured Content: + How to improve your episodic memory » + A free, easy way to help your health » + Outrunning the risk of dementia » + Shining a light on winter depression » + Survey shows changing attitudes about women's intelligence » See All In Case You Missed It: A sharper mind: tai chi can improve cognitive function A sharper mind: tai chi can improve cognitive function Probiotics may help boost mood and cognitive function Probiotics may help boost mood and cognitive function Probiotics can do more than improve your gut health. Evaluating MCI Evaluating MCI The journey toward a diagnosis of MCI is most often initiated by a person's subjective complaint about memory and thinking problems or by concerns expressed by those closest to the individual. Get the latest news on health and wellness delivered to your inbox! * Pain Inside Pain: + Arthritis + Back Pain + Headache + Joint Replacement + Other Pain Featured Content: + Getting a grip on hand osteoarthritis » + When do I need an imaging test for my back pain? » + Can changing my sleep habits help with neck pain? » + Is exercise good for arthritis? » + Is fibromyalgia hereditary? » See All In Case You Missed It: 4 ways to keep moving with joint pain 4 ways to keep moving with joint pain Why weight matters when it comes to joint pain Why weight matters when it comes to joint pain Is it the right time for a knee replacement? Is it the right time for a knee replacement? Age alone is no bar to surgery. Get the latest news on health and wellness delivered to your inbox! * Staying Healthy Inside Staying Healthy: + Aging + Balance & Mobility + Diet & Weight Loss + Energy & Fatigue + Exercise & Fitness + Healthy Eating + Physical Activity + Screening Tests for Men + Screening Tests for Women + Sleep Featured Content: + 5 common medications that can have serious side effects » + Can supplements help boost your immune system? » + Helpful or harmful? Weighing last resorts before knee surgery » + The act of balancing » + What to do about incidental findings » See All In Case You Missed It: Restaurant survival strategies Restaurant survival strategies The physical benefits of yoga The physical benefits of yoga The active ingredients of tai chi The active ingredients of tai chi Get the latest news on health and wellness delivered to your inbox! * Cancer Inside Cancer: + Breast Cancer + Colorectal Cancer + Other Cancers + Prostate Health & Disease + Skin Cancer Featured Content: + Government advisory board recommends against screening for pancreatic cancer » + Stay ahead of skin cancer » + Do all skin cancers have to be removed? » + Can you eat away at your cancer risk? » + A cancer researcher reflects on the evolution of lung cancer therapies » See All In Case You Missed It: 4 tips for coping with an enlarged prostate 4 tips for coping with an enlarged prostate When a man reaches about age 25, his prostate begins to grow. Can diet help fight prostate cancer? Can diet help fight prostate cancer? Can adopting a healthier diet help fight prostate cancer? Most melanomas start as new spots Most melanomas start as new spots Most melanomas come in the form of a new spot on the skin, not changes to an existing mole. Get the latest news on health and wellness delivered to your inbox! * Diseases & Conditions Inside Diseases & Conditions: + Adult & Child ADHD + Alzheimer's & Dementia + Diabetes + Digestive Health + Heart Disease + More Diseases & Conditions + Osteoporosis + Stroke + Thyroid Diseases Featured Content: + FDA approves new migraine medication » + First medication to treat uncontrolled nasal polyps » + Groin strain vs. hernia pain: How to tell the difference » + Harnessing CRISPR to stop viruses » + Troubled by migraines? Cut back on your caffeine drinks » See All In Case You Missed It: The lowdown on glycemic index and glycemic load The lowdown on glycemic index and glycemic load Healthy eating for blood sugar control Healthy eating for blood sugar control Hypothyroidism symptoms and signs in an older person Hypothyroidism symptoms and signs in an older person Some people over age 60 have few, if any, symptoms of an underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism), while others experience the same symptoms younger people do. Get the latest news on health and wellness delivered to your inbox! * Men's Health Inside Men's Health: + Birth Control + Erectile Dysfunction + Exercise & Fitness + Healthy Eating + Men's Sexual Health + Prostate Cancer + Prostate Health & Disease + Screening Tests for Men Featured Content: + Mushrooms may protect against prostate cancer » + Prostate cancer and your sex life » + What does blood in my semen mean? » + Will a pill really help your sex life? » + Eating more nuts may improve sexual function » See All In Case You Missed It: 5 things that can scuttle good sex 5 things that can scuttle good sex "The brain is the body's most important sex organ. Treatment: Watchful waiting for an enlarged prostate Treatment: Watchful waiting for an enlarged prostate If your symptoms of an enlarged prostate gland (benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH for short) are mild and not particularly bothersome, your doctor will recommend a conservative approach called watchful waiting. An enlarged prostate gland and incontinence An enlarged prostate gland and incontinence Some men with an enlarged prostate gland (benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH for short) eventually start to experience urinary incontinence, the involuntary discharge of urine. Get the latest news on health and wellness delivered to your inbox! * Women's Health Inside Women's Health: + Birth Control + Breast Health & Disease + Exercise & Fitness + Healthy Eating + Menopause + Osteoporosis + Pregnancy + Screening Tests for Women + Women's Sexual Health Featured Content: + Can I do anything to prevent osteoporosis? » + Gene tests for all women with breast cancer could save money — and lives » + Hair thinning? Get to the root of the problem » + Hormones and breast cancer: What you should know » + Is bladder training really beneficial? » See All In Case You Missed It: Hypothyroidism symptoms and signs in an older person Hypothyroidism symptoms and signs in an older person Some people over age 60 have few, if any, symptoms of an underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism), while others experience the same symptoms younger people do. What's your t-score? Bone density scans for osteoporosis What's your t-score? Bone density scans for osteoporosis Several technologies can assess bone density, but the most common is known as dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). 5 ways to boost bone strength early 5 ways to boost bone strength early The best prevention for bone-thinning osteoporosis begins early — during the first two decades of life, when you can most influence your peak bone mass by getting enough calcium and vitamin D and doing bone-strengthening exercise. Get the latest news on health and wellness delivered to your inbox! * Children's Health Inside Children's Health: + Adult & Child ADHD + Autism + Developmental Milestones + Learning Disabilities + Nutrition + Nutrition for children + Parenting Issues + Physical Activity + Vaccinations Featured Content: + Different types of heart murmurs » + Should I worry about grandkids’ sports? » + CPR Resource Center » + School Lunches » + Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children » See All In Case You Missed It: Get the latest news on health and wellness delivered to your inbox! * Licensing Lactose Intolerance What Is It? Published: January, 2019 Lactose intolerance is a common cause of abdominal cramping, bloating and loose stools. This condition occurs when the body does not have enough of the intestinal enzyme lactase. The job of lactase is to break down lactose, the main sugar in milk. Once lactose is broken down into simpler forms of sugar, these simple sugars can be absorbed into the bloodstream. In normal digestion, lactose is digested in the small intestine without the release of gas bubbles. When lactose can't be digested well, it passes into the colon. Bacteria in the colon break down some of the lactose, producing hydrogen gas. The remaining lactose also draws water into the colon. The extra gas and water result in symptoms, such as cramping, diarrhea, bloating and flatulence (gas). To continue reading this article, you must login. 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